Features

A tale of two citizens

There was once a rich man who used to dress in purple and fine linen, feed sumptuously and live a daily life of luxury. And there was a poor man called Lazarus so destitute that he habitually lay at the rich man’s gate in the hope of scavenging for the leftovers from the big man’s table. Besides, he was covered with sores which the rich man’s dogs came and licked at will.

This is a classic example of a case of two extremes, one having beyond measure and accustomed to extravagance, the other in extremely dire straits, acquainted with grief, and pining away in agony and misery. It is a tale of two citizens.

All over the world, this tale of two citizens is pervasive. Inequality in wealth and income is stark. Recently, a group calling itself the World Inequality Lab, produced a report that says wealth and income inequality remains pronounced across the globe. Lucas Chancel, lead author of the report says that the richest 10 per cent of the global population currently take home 52 per cent of the income. The poorest half of the global population earn just eight per cent.

And, when it comes to wealth, that is, valuable assets and items over and above income, the gap is even wider. The poorest half of the global population own just two per cent of the global total, while the richest 10 per cent own 76 per cent of all wealth.

The report concludes that “inequality is always a political choice and learning from policies implemented in other countries or at other points of time is critical to design fairer development pathways.” In other words, the state has a big role to play in bridging the huge gap.

In advanced countries, various socio-economic interventions have been adopted to alleviate the dire circumstances of the masses who involuntarily find themselves perennially getting the short end of the stick. Not so in Ghana. In our dear country, the tale of two citizens continues unabated. The population is sharply delineated into a few rich men and an uncountable number of “Lazaruses.”

I do not have much problem with those born with a silver spoon in their mouth, or private citizens who strive and move from rags to riches. My beef is with those who are draining the nation’s coffers with impunity while the economy is reeling from numerous setbacks partly caused by themselves.

Salaries are in arrears for many workers, including paltry allowances for National Service personnel. Even the chicken feed wages for graduates engaged under the Nation Builders Corps (NaBCO) scheme, are not forthcoming in terms of regularity. Yet, a certain category of Ghanaians insists on having, not just fat salaries but also numerous unjustifiable perks for unprofitable work.

A Chief Executive Officer (CEO) runs a State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) aground through huge losses yet, as part of his contract, demands certain perks such as responsibility and inconvenience allowances without any scruples. And this is in spite of all the subvention from government! What trouble or difficulty do Ghanaians cause to their personal comfort for them to be paid inconvenience allowance?

Why should they be paid responsibility allowance when they have failed time and again to prove their mettle as corporate leaders capable of producing the desired results? Most of them cannot even pay for the power generated by the Electricity Company of Ghana, (ECG), their sister SOE, thus pulling it down with their own failing establishments and contributing to ECG’s constant struggle to keep its head above water. That does not mean the ECG does not have some explanation to do for its own failure.

Our fingers are not equal in size implying we cannot all be at the same level of blessing or have an equal share of what the world has to offer. But the system we operate in Ghana which treats some CEOs as super-human, is a major cause of the huge inequality gap between the haves and have-nots.

Recently, Samson Lardy Anyenini, host of Newsfile, a current affairs programme on JOY FM, listed some of the perks of these CEOs which, in my view, are outrageous given that the organisations they manage post regular losses.

Among them are the following: a monthly clothing allowance of GH¢10,000; responsibility allowance, GH¢1,500 per month, entertainment allowance, GH¢1,500 per month, a daily inconvenience allowance of GH¢500, satellite television connection on DSTV, GH¢500 per month, as well as household allowance and utility subsidy.

The CEO is entitled to a personal vehicle loan and a monthly vehicle maintenance of GH¢1,000 in addition to an executive official vehicle with a driver. Even eyeglasses are taken care of with GH¢1,000 as well as grants for his funeral expenses. Also included are benefits such as: holiday facilities, both local and abroad, for not more than six persons, not more than three rooms and not more than five nights per year.

A housing loan of GH¢6,000 is also available in addition to home enhancement loan of GH¢2,000; travel per diem, $1,500,salary increment at 20 per cent, mandatory full medical examination abroad annually, medical care for spouse and children, medical care after retirement, retirement packages depending on the number of years served, and a host of others.

In short, everything that other Ghanaians pay out of their own pocket is taken care of by the state for the almighty CEO. And what do they have to show for all these? Losses galore, year in, year out. There is no capital structure efficiency even though the state provides guarantees for commercial loans to boost their operations.

In 2019, some SOEs posted losses totaling about six billion cedis, according to Finance Minister, Ken Ofori Atta. Knowing how badly they had performed, only 14 out of the 126 SOEs responded to the ministry’s directive to submit their annual statements that year. Besides, 47 SOEs failed to submit any at all for five years.

Between 2015 and 2019, SOEs consistently recorded negative operating margins averaging around 10 per cent due mainly to operating expenses constantly rising more than revenues coming in. And these are the people draining our resources with fat packages that do not make any sense.

The inequality report alluded to earlier, concludes that “inequality is always a political choice and learning from policies implemented in other countries or at other points of time is critical to design fairer development pathways.”In other words, the state has a big role to play in bridging the huge unjustifiable gap.

The perks enjoyed by the defaulting CEOs are just an icing on the cake, yet many do not have any cake at all to eat. There should be analogous pay for analogous qualification across board. There should be proper entry-level pay for all levels of qualification.

Besides, the working conditions of employees in the public sector should be similar to those in the private sector while fixation of wages, salaries, and rules for incentives, should be streamlined. How do you explain a situation where the CEO’s remuneration package is about 20 times better than his subordinate because he has his master’s degree, and his junior has a bachelor’s?

On what basis should just his entertainment allowance be more than twice the salary given to a bachelor’s degree holder, who is actually doing full-time work under NaBCO, but is designated as someone whose work deserves only a stipend of GH¢700?

Is it charity or employment? Where is the justice when for one class, life is an exotic bloom and boom whereas for the majority, it is gloom and doom from the womb to the tomb? A tale of two citizens, indeed!

Until the country restructures its remuneration system; unless the CEOs are compelled to adopt high standards of corporate governance and made to sacrifice, they would continue dissipating our coffers, there would never be enough money to go round, and financial stability would elude us.

“Equality is the heart and essence of democracy, freedom and justice; equality of opportunity in industry, in labour unions, schools and colleges, government, politics, and before the law. There must be no dual standards of justice, no dual rights, privileges, duties, or responsibilities of citizenship. No dual forms of freedom,” African American civil rights leader and trade unionist, Asa Philip Randolph, (1889 – 1979), said.

British judge, philosopher, and writer, Sir James Fitzjames Stephen, (1829-1894) also said: “The only shape in which equality is really connected with justice is this – justice presupposes general rules. If these general rules are to be maintained at all, it is obvious that they must be applied equally to every case which satisfies their terms.” In other words, what is good for the goose is equally good for the gander.

Education pays but the payment must not be at the expense of the poor masses. In every country where justice reigns without let, even the poorest enjoy a certain modicum of justice and fairness in the distribution of the national cake. But in certain jurisdictions like Ghana, it is a tale of two citizens.

Injustice is a symbol of tyranny. Let us return to sanity

Contact: teepeejubilee@yahoo.co.uk

By Tony Prempeh

Features

Monsieur’s daughter —(Part 2)

David rose and opened the door to the spare room. It was neat, as everything else in the house. He sank into the bed and stared at the ceiling. He had never hoped or expected his life to turn out that way.

Until some 12 hours ago, all seemed to be going well. He had already made a huge impact on his students, and the school. He was doing some extra-curricular work which was bringing in decent, regular income.

He had married a great looking, responsible young lady, and they had been blessed with a beautiful daughter. The future could only be bright.

Yet all that had come crashing down. Gladys had been having an affair with her ex-boyfriend, during her pregnancy when he came to Ghana briefly, and over the last few days, when he returned.

He confronted her with the evidence, and her denial was pathetic. It was over. He had pointed that out to her. Over the next hour he did a systematic review of the changes he would make.

The marriage was certainly over. And sadly, so was the Aboso SSS job. He would take a new major step in the next three months. As he was drifting off to sleep, his wife brought Sarah into the hall to breastfeed her. He woke up to rock her to sleep as usual, and went off to sleep.

The following morning, he left early for Agona Nkwanta, and informed his parents about the latest developments. They were devastated, but promised to back him in every steps he took. He got back to school during the first break and carried on with his work.

He stayed on at work till after seven, renewing application procedures for a Master’s Degree programme in Germany which he had deferred. When he got back home his wife’s parents were waiting. His father-in-law wasted no time to get to the point.

“My son, we came here with a simple, though difficult, task. Our daughter has confessed to us that she has offended you greviously. She went behind your back and had, er, an affair, with a young man with whom she was previously in a relationship. She admits that she was foolish.

She says that her actions do not reflect a lack of respect for you as her husband, or her love for you. We are on our knees, my son, pleading with you to have mercy on her, take her back into your arms and get on with your life as man and wife. I have great confidence in you, that a great future awaits you. I’m humbly asking for your forgiveness, my son.”

“You have spoken well, Daddy. I have great respect for you and Mummy. You have been very kind and helpful to me, since I met Gladys. I regret, however, that I cannot be reconciled to her.

You see, Gladys resumed the relationship with Simon when he returned to Ghana some months ago. She was spending time with him at the hotel at a time when, as far as I know, she was carrying my child. And since he returned to Ghana a few days ago, they have continued to spend time at the hotel.

So this is not a one-off thing. It is a relationship. I’m not going to say or do anything publicly, but the relationship is over. I will give her my fullest cooperation to give our daughter the best of care, but I will certainly move on with my life.”

“I have heard you, my son. Your reaction is both predictable and justified. Here’s what I will do. I will give you a little time to think about my humble petition, and I will pray that God himself will touch your heart to tamper justice with mercy, and save this marriage.”

After this, two delegations from Gladys’s family went to engage David’s family to plead for restoration of the marriage, but he was adamant. They continued to live in the flat, apparently as man and wife, but although he didn’t disclose his plans to her, she knew that he would eventually move out. One morning, as they were leaving for work, Gladys issued an emphatic threat.

“David, my parents and relatives have been to see you, and virtually fallen at your feet, begging you to forgive me for my mistake, and allow us to move forward as man and wife, and take care of Sarah.

But it appears that you are a perfect human being who does not make mistakes, and will, therefore, not forgive mistakes. Okay, you can take whatever step you want to take, but remember I also have an option. I will teach you a very bitter lesson, a lesson which you will never forget till you die.”

David smiled and eased himself out.

A couple of days later, David got home to find that Sarah was not around.

“Where’s Sarah?” he asked her.

“Ah, David” she said with mock politeness, “there’s something I need to tell you. You see, Sarah is not actually yours. She is Simon’s baby. I’m very sorry for misleading you. Really sorry. I’m sure that being a young man, you will be able to find a nice young woman who will give you children as beautiful as Sarah.”

David stood and stared at her for a very long time while she laughed herself into stitches. Then he stormed out and took a taxi to his parents’ house. After listening to him, his father told him his blunt, hard opinion.

“My son, I want you to brace yourself for a tough time. It is obvious Gladys wants to punish you for rejecting her. She must have thought out her plan well before coming out to tell you.

You may want us to report to the police, social welfare or what have you, but my feeling is that if you play her game, she will string you round her finger for a long time. Therefore, I think you should call her bluff. Ignore her, difficult as it may seem. No matter how long it takes, the child will come back to us.”

“Mama, what do you think?”

“I agree with your dad. Of course, there’s always the possibility that Sarah will actually be Simon’s, but it is highly unlikely. She has just connived with him to steal your child. Let’s ignore her. She will expect you to confront her and so on, but leave her alone.”

“I will do as you say, Mama and Dada, even though it is very difficult. I will ask her to move out of my house. I will stay the night, and go back to Aboso tomorrow morning.”

There was no evidence of Gladys when he got home. She had cleared the house of virtually everything. David replaced some basic stuff whilst focusing on his next move. He found a replacement teacher for the school, and resigned.

Although, he tried to leave quietly, the students, teachers and parents organised a party for him. There was great outpouring of grief as most people had learnt about the circumstances under which he was leaving. As a token of appreciation for his passion for work, the school authorities named the playground Monsieur Park after him. He left for Germany, promising himself to work hard to put the last bitter experience behind him.

By Ekow de Heel

Features

Migraines: Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options

Migraines are a type of neurological disorder characterised by recurrent episodes of severe headaches, often accompanied by sensitivity to light, sound, and nausea.

According to the American Migraine Foundation, (AMF) over 39 million people in the United States suffer from migraines, with women being three times more likely to experience them than men.

In this article, we will delve into the causes, symptoms, and treatment options of migraines, as well as provide tips on how to manage and prevent them.

What are migraines?

Migraines are a complex neurological disorder that affects not only the brain but also the nervous system and blood vessels. During a migraine episode, the blood vessels in the brain expand, leading to inflammation and pain.

Symptoms of migraines

The symptoms of migraines can vary from person to person, but common symptoms include:

1. Severe headache: A throbbing or pulsating headache, usually on one side of the head.

2. Sensitivity to light and sound: Increased sensitivity to light, sound, and sometimes even touch.

3. Nausea and vomiting: Feeling queasy or vomiting, which can lead to dehydration.

4. Dizziness and vertigo: Feeling lightheaded or experiencing spinning sensations.

5. Aura symptoms: Some people experience aura symptoms, such as flashing lights, zigzag patterns, or numbness, before the headache begins.

Causes and triggers of migraines

While the exact cause of migraines is still unknown, research suggests that a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors contribute to their development. Common triggers of migraines include:

1. Genetics: Family history plays a significant role in migraine development.

2. Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in estrogen levels, such as during menstruation or menopause.

3. Stress: Physical or emotional stress can trigger migraines.

4. Sensory stimuli: Bright lights, loud noises, or strong smells.

5. Food and drink: Certain foods, such as aged cheeses, citrus fruits, or foods containing MSG or tyramine.

6. Sleep patterns: Changes in sleep patterns, such as insomnia or oversleeping.

7. Environmental factors: Changes in weather, altitude, or exposure to chemicals.

Treatment and management options

While there is no cure for migraines, various treatment options can help alleviate symptoms and prevent future episodes. These include:

1. Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, or prescription medications, such as triptans or ergotamines.

2. Lifestyle changes: Maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, staying hydrated, and avoiding triggers.

3. Relaxation techniques: Stress-reducing activities, such as meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises.

4. Chiropractic care: Spinal manipulation and other chiropractic techniques may help alleviate migraine symptoms.

5. Alternative therapies: Acupuncture, massage, or herbal supplements, such as feverfew or butterbur.

Preventing migraines

While migraines can be unpredictable, there are steps you can take to reduce their frequency and severity:

1. Keep a headache diary: Tracking your migraines can help you identify patterns and triggers.

2. Maintain a consistent sleep schedule: Irregular sleep patterns can trigger migraines.

3. Stay hydrated: Dehydration is a common migraine trigger.

4. Avoid triggers: Identify and avoid triggers, such as certain foods or sensory stimuli.

5. Manage stress: Engage in stress-reducing activities, such as meditation or yoga.

When to seek medical attention

While migraines can be debilitating, some symptoms require immediate medical attention:

1. Severe or frequent migraines: If you experience more than 15 headache days per month.

2. Increasing frequency or severity: If your migraines worsen over time.

3. Aura symptoms: If you experience aura symptoms, such as numbness, weakness, or difficulty speaking.

4. Headache with fever: If you have a headache accompanied by a fever, confusion, or stiff neck.

5. Recent head trauma: If you have experienced a recent head injury.

Conclusion

Migraines are a complex and debilitating neurological disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. While there is no cure, various treatment options and lifestyle changes can help alleviate symptoms and prevent future episodes.

By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options of migraines, you can take control of your condition and improve your quality of life.

By Robert Ekow Grimmond Thompson