Features
Conditions, rules, regulations of fasting
Introduction
All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, Who has made fasting in the month of Ramadan an obligation upon every believing Muslim and has made it a means of attaining taqwa (piety and consciousness of Allah).
We send peace and salutations upon our beloved Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), who was the best example in devotion and worship.
Servants of Allah, today’s Jumma Khutba is a continuation of our discussion on the virtues of Ramadan, focusing on the conditions, rules, and regulations that govern fasting (Sawm).
Since fasting is a fundamental pillar of Islam, it is crucial that we understand who is required to fast, who is excused, and what actions are permitted or prohibited during the fast.
As we approach the blessed month, let us prepare ourselves by gaining proper knowledge, renewing our intentions, and seeking the mercy of Allah, so that we can attain the full rewards of this sacred month.
Definition of Fasting in Islam
Fasting (Sawm) in Islam is defined as the voluntary and deliberate abstention from eating, drinking, marital relations, and all other invalidators from dawn (Fajr) until sunset (Maghrib) with a sincere intention of worshiping Allah.
The Qur’an explicitly states:
“And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct from the black thread [of night]. Then complete the fast until the sunset.” (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187)
This definition highlights that fasting is not just about avoiding food and drink, but rather a form of spiritual discipline and devotion to Allah.
The Five Pillars of Islam and the Obligation of Fasting
The importance of fasting is reinforced in the well-known hadith of Abdullah ibn Umar (RA), where the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said:
“Islam is built upon five pillars: (1) testifying that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and that Muhammad is His Messenger, (2) establishing prayer, (3) giving Zakah, (4) fasting in the month of Ramadan, and (5) performing Hajj if one is able to do so.” (Bukhari, 8; Muslim, 16)
This hadith confirms that fasting in Ramadan is not an optional act of piety but a fundamental obligation for every Muslim who meets the necessary conditions.
The Quranic Command to Fast
Allah (SWT) has ordained fasting upon every believing Muslim, as stated in the Qur’an:
“O you who believe! Fasting has been prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, so that you may attain taqwa.” (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:183)
The key purpose of fasting is to develop taqwa (God-consciousness), which includes self-discipline, patience, and devotion to Allah. The believers are reminded that fasting is not just a ritual but a means to strengthen their faith and connection with their Creator. (To be continued)
By Imam Alhaji Saeed Abdulai – 1 BN Michel Camp, Tema
Features
When is medical treatment abroad stopping?
I am yet to find an American or European government official travelling to any part of Africa for healthcare. However, the exact opposite is the case for political leaders in many African countries.
The question that quickly comes to mind is why this situation? The obvious answer is that enough investment had not been made in this sector over the years to create or develop more expertise in various fields in medicine.
Since childhood, I have heard of government officials, prominent members of society, etc. going abroad for medical care. Between my childhood and now is a lot of years which is enough time for serious effort to have been made, to change the state of our health delivery system so the requisite capacity can be developed to take care of our leaders, when they fall sick.
It is unacceptable that a nation like ours after 60 plus years of independence, cannot boast of a health system capable of taking care of our own people but has to depend on other countries to provide health services in most instances for our leaders.
It is not for lack of personnel because Ghanaians are all over the world with a lot of highly qualified medical personnel in top class hospitals especially in America and Europe.
Our own Professor Frimpong Boateng, a world class heart surgeon, is an example. The issue, as with a lot of things in this country is a lack of focus which is a function of poor leadership.
I remember the elder brother of a friend, a medical doctor who goes to offer free services at a hospital whenever he comes to Ghana from Germany on holidays. He used to complain of lack of equipment for carrying out certain procedures.
It is mind boggling why we cannot equip our medical facilities so that the top quality medical practitioners can come back home and help address the deficit of enough experts in the health sector.
There are some Ghanaians willing to come back to work after securing financial independence abroad, to as it were give back to society for what the nation has done for them in terms of their starting their education and ending in at least our secondary schools or high schools.
Pressure must be brought by all well-meaning Ghanaians to bear on our leaders to ensure that the necessary things in terms of experts, equipment, beds and whatever, is in place so our big men will not have to travel outside the country for treatment.
In fact, the time has come for us to demand that no government official will be sent outside the country for treatment. This is the only way to force them to ensure that basic items like beds are not in short supply at our hospitals especially emergency centres.
I was appalled at one of the leading hospitals in Accra where a medical personnel had to check something around the tummy of an emergency patient and there was no screen to give her the required privacy. I was so shocked and angry that such a thing was happening in this country after 60 years of independence.
We should prioritise our needs as a nation. We cannot retain the best of medical personnel by refusing to provide them with the requisite remuneration so they will be motivated to stay in the country and give of their best to patients.
Medical skills are now a sought-after commodity and like soccer players if we do not pay them well, they will go outside to seek greener pastures and our health delivery like our local league, will be nothing to write home about. God bless.
NB: ‘CHANGE KOTOKA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT TO KOFI BAAKO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT’
By Laud Kissi-Mensah
Features
Vikings stir up
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The Viking Spirit is Holy Spirit. It is a cool, quiet, powerful spirit. It descends like a dove on official residents of Mensah Sarbah Hall and they prophesy. The tutors are likely to speak in tongues and the honourable hall master may do signs and wonders.
Unlike the Holy Spirit, however, the Viking Spirit can be rebellious. The Vandals of Commonwealth know it. The only hall Vandals are uncomfortable with is Sarbah. The Vikings have often used wits and chicanery to tame the wild Vandals.
When I was a young Viking, I was a strategist of the hall. I was also the hall astrologer and told the fortunes of the hall when it came to war with the Vandals. My room-mate, Akortey Anaara, was at the time a numerologist who used figures to read the outcome of conflicts.
It often turned out that sometimes the Vandals saw it fit to sue for peace. And peace was granted. I must admit, however, that when it came to football, the Vandals thrashed us bad.
Today, we can all be grateful that the Viking spirit is still intact. A little sign of it emerged recently when Vikings rose against their senior tutor. It is rebellious and unacceptable. But it means the spirit is very much alive.
Anyhow, it was not exactly a coup d’état. Far from it. Just a stir, a harmless mutiny. They’ve been asked by the senior tutor to send out all refrigerators from the rooms of the hall. Wallahi! You lie bad!
Well, in our time, the students would not have over-reacted, probably because life was a bit more manageable. Today life is difficult for the students. They are over-crowded, they have to get their own food, and there is no romance because one student cannot ‘narrow’ five or six others without precipitating in a civil war.
The last time I visited Legon, I was sad. No breathing space! When students were paired, life was good; today, the rooms are like secondary school dormitories, when some students are senior citizens with children and grand-children, and even great grandchildren.
To live with five or six others in a tiny room can have its own social, religious, economic and political implications. For all you know, there can be political alliances formed, and this can be interesting until it degenerates into a boxing showdown in the corridor or balcony. The NDC guys are specialists in upper-cuts. With the NPP ones, you certainly have to watch your balls. Asee ho!
However, the most dangerous is religion. A Muslim student must wake up at 5:00am to say his prayers. Allah Ku Baru! Allah Ku Baru! The guy next to him might be a Bahai who enjoys his sleep only at dawn. Moreover, he is macho and does not tolerate nonsense. The other guy on the far east may also be a born-again who can only catch the Holy Spirit over-speed at exactly 4:00 am. When he speaks in tongues, the building shakes.
The paddy-man sandwiched somewhere in the mezzanine west has a problem with his alimentary system. He easily develops gas in his colon, and he is only comfortable when he releases the gas on regular basis. So the rook is always air conditioned in a manner that can cause nausea, vomiting and nightmares.
So it turns out that every student contributes his quota to the general discomfort, and this is bound to affect academic work in a very radical way. When some of the students want their peace to sleep, others want to cram throughout the night. The next morning everyone is restive, sleepy-eyed, furious and ready to punch. And the good news is that Madam Amoakohene wants all refrigerators out, defaulters to face revolutionary action.
Well, students are supposed to be obedient. In our time, we were very obedient. May be, it was because we were not ordered to send our refrigerators out and we were not as frustrated as today’s students. We were very nice with the hall tutors and often shared lagers with them.
I am sure the senior tutor means well, except that she did not understand the viewpoint of the students and, of course, their frustration with life on campus. One refrigerator could be allowed in every room for the common use of the inmates. Of course, more than one refrigerator per room can create space problems, and every student cannot bring his own refrigerator.
I hear the hall is thinking about a common room for refrigerators. The students aren’t pleased with that. You can’t trust others – stealing and poisoning are cited as possible.
Whatever it is, the hall tutors will have to sit down with the students and find a compromise bearing in mind that the students are already suffering and need some comfort to cope with academic work.
Fact also is, some of us old Vikings aren’t pleased with the bad publicity about the hall. It went to the extent that, the issue had to be discussed on a radio station with Madam doing a lot of elaboration and some damage control.
She is intelligent, very articulate and sounds like a Beijing activist. May be she is the best person for the job, after all. A bit of patience on her part would do, though. The students need it. They need love and understanding because they are highly-strung and in tight corners.
If you hear them complaining you’d be sad. A Volta girl was complaining to me the other day. Her mates are just not neat at all. They are noisy, unkempt and disgusting. Some bring their boyfriends to the rooms. Sometimes the boys sleep and snore hard. Jesus Christ of Nazareth! If the girl fails her exams no one should blame her.
The university needs lots of hostels to cope with the current situation, I bet.
This article was first published on Saturday April 7, 2001