Headache

Some people have severe headaches only once or twice a year, while oth­ers may have frequent or even daily attacks.

If left untreated, a tension headache can go on for days or weeks without re­lief. Despite the discomfort, most people can continue with their usual activities.

What causes a tension headache?

A tension headache is thought to be due to muscle tightness in the scalp, forehead and the back of the neck. This can be triggered by:

• Tension and stress.

• Tiredness.

• Long periods of reading, typing or con­centration (eye strain).

• Poor posture.

• Spine and neck injuries.

• High blood pressure.

• Physical or emotional stress.

What are the symptoms?

A tension headache may feel like a tight band around the head or a dull ache on both sides of the head. There may also be aching and tightness in the neck and shoulders. Tension headaches tend to worsen as the day goes on.

Treatment

You will be assessed by a doctor or nurse and advised of the best treatment. Tests are not normally needed. Most people find pain relief eases the severity of a tension headache. Pain relief is safe when used as directed. Ask your doctor or health care professional which of the following is the most appropriate for you:

• Paracetamol on its own.

• Aspirin (do not use in children).

Once treatment starts you should be able to return to your everyday activities.

If your headaches are caused by neck problems, you may be helped by the following therapies:

1. Emotional Surgery

2. Physiotherapy /Massage

Medication may be needed on a daily basis. Your doctor can refer you to other health care professionals for treatment, depending on your needs.

If you suffer from frequent headaches, see your doctor. Writing your symptoms in a diary can help in working out a treat­ment plan. Although a headache may be a warning sign of a more serious problem, this is rare.

Home care: When you have the head­ache, take pain relief and rest in a dark room. Sometimes having a warm bath or shower, or applying a warm or cold cloth over the aching area can help. You should not solely rely on pain relief medication. The most effective long-term treatment is to make simple lifestyle changes that reduce the frequency of your headaches.

Be guided by your doctor or health care professional, but some helpful tips include:

• Learn ways to manage your stress.

• Find ways to relax, go for emotional surgery, massage or meditation.

• Have a healthy diet.

• Drink plenty of water.

• Exercise regularly – you release ‘feel good’ chemicals (endorphins) from your brain when you exercise.

• Maintain a good posture when you are upright, try not to slouch when sitting as this puts strain onto neck and back muscles.

See your local doctor or return to the emergency department if:

You get a headache that is severe and out of the blue (a sudden onset).

• The pain is worse when you cough, sneeze or strain.

• The pain is getting worse, despite tak­ing pain relief.

• The pain is worse when you lie down.

• You become drowsy, or confused.

• Your vision becomes blurred, or you have any visual disturbance.

• You are generally unwell, including vomiting.

In a medical emergency go to the nearest hospital emergency department or call an ambulance. For other medical problems see your Doctor or health-care professional.

By Robert Ekow Grimmond-Thompson